The roulette wheel first appeared in the 17th century, when Blaise Pascal, a French philosopher, and mathematician, made it his mission to invent the perpetual motion machine. He didn't quite achieve this aim, but he did invent a game that would be enjoyed at casinos. The roulette wheel has become synonymous with fun and excitement at many roulette tables.
In this article, I look at all aspects of a roulette wheel. First I look at the layout of the two main wheels used in the game. I then look at the impact of the pockets on a wheel used at a casino, and the use of the ball. I finish with a look at some of the market leading wheel manufacturers.
Column Bets: a bet on 12 numbers on any of three lines on the roulette table (like as 1st line - 1-4-7-10 and down to 34). The chip is to be placed on the square below the last number in this line. In French casinos 'American Roulette' means a roulette game with double zeros (0, 00 - on the table layout and on the wheel), the same as used in the USA. The American roulette with one zero (or the European version) is referred to as English Roulette to distinguish it from the double-zero American Roulette and to emphasize that it has one zero. French Roulette is known everywhere as French Roulette, has a single zero, a wide table layout and have Stickmen that handle the chips. American Roulette in USA casinos and in French casinos is referred to the American Roulette with double zeros (0, 00). Roulette Layout Online Roulette Guide Home Roulette Layout. When you are playing roulette, you have 2 basic choices as to which type of wheel to play on. You can either play on an American Roulette wheel that has two zero pockets, or you can play on a European Roulette wheel.
American and European Wheels
The original roulette wheel had no zeros on the wheel layout
However, when casinos introduced the game, a zero was introduced to make the game a profitable one. The early games were played mainly at European roulette tables and as such, the European wheel of today features a single zero.
When the game made its way to America near the end of the 19th century, casino owners decided to introduce a second zero. The double 00 was a way of increasing their profit margin. The double zeros remaining in place ever since at American roulette tables.
Roulette Wheel Layout
When you look at a roulette wheel you might be forgiven for thinking that the numbering system is somewhat random, as there doesn't seem to be a pattern to the layout of the numbers. However, there are some rules which apply to the numbering of a roulette wheel that may not seem obvious at first.
However, there are some rules which apply to the numbering of a roulette wheel that may not seem obvious at first. The most obvious aspect of the layout is that red and black numbers will always alternate. Odd and even numbers are distributed throughout the wheel also, with no more than two odd or even numbers adjacent to any part of the wheel.
The European wheel also has a great balance when it comes to low (1-18) and high (19-36) numbers, although this is not so evident on the US wheel. Of course, you can also find a betting system designed around the roulette wheel layout called Charting The Betting Wheel System
Roulette Wheel – The Importance of Slots
There is one part of the wheel that is more important than any other in maintaining the randomness of the results called the slots. Plus, it is essential that the wheel used is completely unbiased.
For a casino, any predictability of results at the wheel could be extremely costly. In the past, there have been many stories of players picking up on certain numbers coming up more often than others, and capitalizing on this fact by making life changing amounts of money.
Roulette Slots – The Importance of Frets
The majority of wheels use identical size slots with metal frets separating each number
It is very important that all these frets are secure, as a loose fret might mean less bounce for a ball, which could lead to more chance of a number/range of numbers being hit. Some wheels will feature curved frets, meaning the ball land in a V-shaped slot as opposed to a more rectangular area, and other have scalloped slots which the ball will fall into.
The slots on a table will dictate how long the ball remains in motion before coming to rest. A smaller fret will mean that the ball will jump around a bit more than if the wheel has larger frets. Wheels with no frets at all will see a much-reduced bounce.
Roulette Ball
Some casinos will use different balls at a wheel to make the outcomes even more unpredictable. They will usually have a smaller and a larger ball, and the non-playing ball will sit on the top of the turret in the middle of the wheel.
What is a roulette ball made out of?
In the past, the best casino roulette balls were made of ivory
In most cases now, they are molded out of plastic. The material, which the ball is made out of, plays a key role, as it usually impacts the ball's liveliness but does not increase any chances of the ball landing on a particular number on the roulette wheel.
Roulette Wheel Manufacturers
You may think that there are many roulette wheel suppliers in the market due to the sheer amount of casinos in the world. However, you will quickly discover that the roulette wheel market is dominated by only two roulette table manufacturers.
Cammegh make claim to having ‘The World's Finest Roulette Wheel'
The company offers a range of wheels including the Classic, the Connoisseur, the Mercury 360 and the Monaco. Additionally, they'll also make bespoke wheels. Cammegh wheels are used at a large number of casinos worldwide.
TCS John Huxley offers ‘The World's most random and secure roulette wheels'
You'll find a range of wheels including the Gemini, the Mark VII and the Saturn alongside the unique double action roulette wheel plus customizable wheels. TCS John Huxley has won Gaming awards in each of the last five years.
Roulette Wheel Layout Pics
| Straight-up: | a bet on a single number. |
| Split: | a two number bet. |
| Trio: | a bet that covers the numbers 0, 1, 2 or 00, 2, 3. |
| Street: | a three number bet. |
| Corner (or square): | a bet on 4 numbers. |
| Five Number: | a bet that covers 5 numbers (0, 00, 1, 2, 3). |
| Six Line: | a bet that covers six numbers or two lines. |
| Column Bets: | a bet on 12 numbers on any of three lines on the roulette table (like as 1st line - 1-4-7-10 and down to 34). The chip is to be placed on the square below the last number in this line. |
| Dozen Bets: | a bet on either the first (1-12), second (13-24), or third (25-36) twelve numbers. |
| Red / Black: | a bet that the number will be either red or black. |
| Even / Odd: | a bet on even or odd numbers. |
| Low / High: | a bet that the ball will land on one of the low or high 18 numbers. (1 to 18 or 19 to 36) |
| Type of Bet | European Roulette | American Roulette |
|---|---|---|
| Straight | 1 in 37 | 1 in 38 |
| Split | 1 in 18.5 | 1 in 19 |
| Street | 1 in 12.3 | 1 in 12.7 |
| Square | 1 in 9.25 | 1 in 9.5 |
| Five-number | 1 in 7.4 | 1 in 7.6 |
| Six-number | 1 in 6.2 | 1 in 6.3 |
| Type of Bet | European Roulette | American Roulette |
|---|---|---|
| Column | 1 in 3.1 | 1 in 3.2 |
| Dozen | 1 in 3.1 | 1 in 3.2 |
| Red/Black | 1 in 2.06 | 1 in 2.11 |
| Even/Odd | 1 in 2.06 | 1 in 2.11 |
| Low /High | 1 in 2.06 | 1 in 2.11 |
| Type of Bet | Quantity of numbers | Payoff |
|---|---|---|
| Straight | 1 number | 35 to 1 |
| Split | 2 number | 17 to 1 |
| Street | 3 number | 11 to 1 |
| Corner(Square) | 4 number | 8 to 1 |
| Five-number | 5 number | 6 to 1 |
| Six-number | 6 number | 5 to 1 |
| Column | 12 number | 2 to 1 |
| Type of Bet | Quantity of numbers | Payoff |
|---|---|---|
| Dozen | 12 number | 2 to 1 |
| Low | 18 number | 1 to 1 |
| High | 18 number | 1 to 1 |
| Red | 18 number | 1 to 1 |
| Black | 18 number | 1 to 1 |
| Even | 18 number | 1 to 1 |
| Odd | 18 number | 1 to 1 |
Wheel Layout Roulette Table
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